Saturday, May 7, 2022

NAFTA JOE BIDEN - FOLKS, IT'S WORKING! KEEPING WAGES DEPRESSED WITH MILLIONS OF UNSKILLED ILLEGALS WHO CAN'T SPEAK ENGLISH! - April Downer: Labor Force Participation and Number of Employed People Fall; Unemployment Rate Holds at 3.6%

 

April Downer: Labor Force Participation and Number of Employed People Fall; Unemployment Rate Holds at 3.6%

By Susan Jones | EDT

  
President Biden takes credit for the post-COVID resurgence in job creation. (Photo by Getty Images)
President Biden takes credit for the post-COVID resurgence in job creation. (Photo by Getty Images)

(CNSNews.com) - Non-farm payrolls added 428,000 jobs in April, in line with the the consensus estimate of around 400,000, the Labor Department's Bureau of Labor Statistics reported on Friday.

The number of employed people fell to 158,105,000, a decrease of 353,000 from the prior month. But the number of unemployed people -- those who have actively looked for work in the prior four weeks and are currently available for work -- also dropped by 11,000 to 5,941,000.

The April unemployment rate held steady at 3.6 percent, the same low rate as it was in March. But the labor force participation rate is moving in the wrong direction.

In April, the civilian non-institutional population in the United States was 263,559,000. That included all people 16 and older who did not live in an institution, such as a prison, nursing home or long-term care facility.

Of that civilian non-institutional population, 164,046,000 were participating in the labor force, meaning they were either employed or unemployed -- they either had a job or were actively seeking one during the last month. This resulted in a labor force participation rate of 62.2 percent in April, down from 62.4 percent in March.

The participation rate was 61.4 percent when Joe Biden took office. Today's number, 62.2 percent, is still below the Trump-era high of 63.4 percent in February 2020, just before COVID shut things down.

The number of Americans counted as not in the labor force -- they had no job and were not looking -- now totals 99,513,000, or 478,000 more than it was last month.

This not-in-the-labor-force group has continued to grow over time, boosted by the growing number of Baby Boom retirees. But the number continues to drift down from the all-time pandemic high of 103,538,000 in April 2020, when millions of Americans dropped out of the labor force.

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.5 percent), adult women (3.2 percent), teenagers (10.2 percent), Whites (3.2 percent), Blacks (5.9 percent), Asians (3.1 percent), and Hispanics (4.1 percent) showed little or no change over the month.

In April, 7.7 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic, down from 10.0 percent in the prior month. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey specifically because of the pandemic.

Employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 78,000 in April. Job growth continued in food services and drinking places (+44,000) and accommodation (+22,000). But employment in leisure and hospitality is down by 1.4 million, or 8.5 percent, since February 2020.

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 10 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $31.85 in April. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 5.5 percent.

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for February was revised down by 36,000, from +750,000 to +714,000, and the change for March was revised down by 3,000, from +431,000 to +428,000. With these revisions, employment in February and March combined is 39,000 lower than previously reported.

As Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said earlier this week, the labor market is "unbalanced" because there aren't enough willing workers to fill the available jobs. BLS reports the number of job openings reached a record high of 11.5 million on the last business day of March.

Fed Chairman: Demand for workers outstrips supply

"The labor market has continued to strengthen and is extremely tight," Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell told a news conference on Wednesday.

"Labor demand is very strong, and while labor force participation has increased somewhat, labor supply remains subdued. Employers are having difficulties filling job openings, Powell said, noting that there are almost 2 job vacancies for every one unemployed person.

"There's a labor shortage," Powell said. "There aren't enough people to fill these job openings and companies can't hire. And -- and -- and wages are moving up at -- at levels that would not over time be consistent with 2 percent inflation over time.

"And of course, everyone loves to see wages go up, and it's a great thing, but you want them to go up at a sustainable level, because these wages are, to some extent, being eaten up by inflation.

"So, what that really means is, to get the kind of labor market we really want to get -- we really want to have a labor market that serves all Americans, especially the people in the lower income part of the distribution, especially them. To do that, you've got to have price stability (lower inflation). And we've got to get back to price stability so that we can have a labor market where people's wages aren't being eaten up by inflation and where we can have a long expansion, too."

Powell said he expects job creation to slow, now that the Fed has raised interest rates and plans to take other steps to combat inflation: "Job creation has been at, you know, more than a half a million per month in recent months; very, very strong, particularly for this stage of the economy. And so we think with -- with fiscal policy less supportive, with monetary policy less supportive, we think that job creation will slow as well."

Powell said the goal is to bring the supply of labor and the demand for labor back into balance:

"So we think through our policies, through further healing in the labor market, higher rates, for example, of vacancy-filling and things like that, and more people coming back in, we like to think that supply and demand will come back into balance and that, therefore, wage inflation will moderate to still high levels of wage increases, but ones that are more consistent with 2 percent inflation. That's -- that's our expectation."

Powell said it's a "good time to be a worker" who's looking to either change jobs or get a pay raise in their current job: "So it's a strong economy, and -- and nothing about it suggests that it's -- that it's close to or vulnerable to a recession. Now, of course, given events around the world and fading fiscal policy effects and -- and higher rates, you -- you could see some slower economic activity."


Biden Grants Amazon $10B Contract Despite Pledge to Oppose Union-Busting

OLIVIER DOULIERY/MANDEL NGAN/AFP via Getty Images
OLIVIER DOULIERY/MANDEL NGAN/AFP via Getty Images
5:23

President Joe Biden has given Amazon, for which billionaire Jeff Bezos serves as chairman of the board, a $10 billion federal contract despite having pledged to American union workers not to reward corporations accused of union-busting tactics.

For years, Amazon has been accused of trying to prevent its warehouse workers across the United States from unionizing amid reports that the corporation has put its workforce in dangerous scenarios under ruthless shipping quotas.

In August 2021, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) found that Amazon had violated labor laws preventing its warehouse workers from unionizing when they tried to do so in Bessemer, Alabama. In February, Amazon was again accused of trying to prevent the warehouse workers from unionizing at the Alabama facility.

Last month warehouse workers at one of Amazon’s facilities in Staten Island, New York, voted to form the corporation’s first labor union. Amazon is now challenging the vote to unionize. Following the vote, Amazon has reportedly fired more than six of the Staten Island warehouse managers who fought to form the union.

A report from the Lever reveals that the Biden administration, despite Amazon’s history of interfering in unionization efforts, has rewarded the corporation with a massive federal contract after having vowed not to do so.

The Lever reports:

A day later, Nextgov reported that Biden’s National Security Agency (NSA) ratified a $10 billion cloud computing contract for Amazon, which hired the brother of Biden’s top aide as a lobbyist days after the 2020 presidential election. The contract for the company’s web services division is codenamed “Wild and Stormy,” and is distinct from another massive Pentagon cloud contract on which Amazon is also currently bidding. [Emphasis added]

A few days after Amazon received the NSA contract, the Amazon Labor Union lost its second union election bid by a 2-to-1 margin at another Staten Island warehouse, after Amazon mounted a furious campaign to halt the organizing drive. [Emphasis added]

In effect, while Amazon was doubling down on its union busting, the Biden administration was delivering a massive federal contract to the company, signaling to Amazon executives that he is so far not interested in fulfilling his pledge to use the government’s purchasing power to be “the most pro-union president.” [Emphasis added]

As part of his campaign promises, Biden laid out a plan to prevent corporations like Amazon from receiving lucrative federal contracts after having been accused of union-busting tactics.

He promised to “ensure federal dollars do not flow to employers who engage in union-busting activities, participate in wage theft, or violate labor law.”

Biden’s campaign pledge states:

Biden will institute a multi-year federal debarment for all employers who illegally oppose unions, building on debarment efforts pursued in the Obama-Biden administration. [Emphasis added]

[Biden] will ensure federal contracts only go to employers who sign neutrality agreements committing not to run anti-union campaigns. He also will only award contracts to employers who support their workers, including those who pay a $15 per hour minimum wage and family sustaining benefits. The tax dollars of hard-working families should not be used to damage the standard of living of those same families. [Emphasis added]

Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) spoke at a union rally for the warehouse workers late last month but has been silent on Biden’s billion dollar contract for Amazon.

Meanwhile, Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT) lobbied Biden to not reward Amazon with a federal contract, stating that the corporation has “time and time again” deployed union-busting tactics to stop warehouse workers from organizing.

“Mr. President: It is abundantly clear that time and time again Amazon has engaged in illegal anti-union activity,” Sanders wrote. “Amazon may be a large and profitable corporation, it may be owned by one of the wealthiest people in America, but it cannot be allowed to continue to violate the law and the rights of its employees. The time has come to tell Amazon that if it wants another federal contract it must obey the law.”

Amazon has notoriously skated by for years without paying federal income taxes. In 2020, the corporation paid federal income taxes for the first time since 2016. The amount paid by Amazon was just $162 million last year, a fraction of its 2019 $13.9 billion pre-tax reported income. For context, Amazon paid in federal income taxes just 1.2% of its pre-tax reported income last year.

Likewise, recent tax filings made public show Bezos paid an average federal income tax rate of less than 24 percent. In many cases, Bezos paid far less in taxes than millionaires earning a sixth of his income.

John Binder is a reporter for Breitbart News. Email him at jbinder@breitbart.com. Follow him on Twitter here

Breitbart Business Digest: Everyone Has a Job and No One Is Happy

sad-worker-barista-coffee-shop-small-business-owner-cafe-restaurant-bar-getty
BartekSzewczyk/iStock/Getty Images
3:28

The April employment reports released Friday perfectly encapsulated the economic moment: everyone has a job and no one is happy about it because of inflation.

Job growth remains surprisingly strong. Nonfarm payrolls grew by 428,000 jobs, beating the forecast for 380,000. The forecast figure would have been impressive in any economy and the beat even more so. Adding 428,000 workers to payrolls when unemployment is already down to 3.6 percent is truly amazing. Adding workers gets harder when there are fewer workers on the sidelines.

The unemployment rate held steady at 3.6 percent and the number of people counted as unemployed fell by 353,000. Why didn’t falling unemployment bring down the unemployment rate? The rate is calculated as the share of people actively participating in the workforce who are looking for work and cannot find jobs. The labor force, however, contracted by 363,000 in April, resulting in a decline in the workforce participation rate to 62.2 percent from 62.4 percent.

We can only speculate as to why so many people dropped out of the workforce in April. The rise in COVID infections could have played a role. Inflation may also be a factor. It may sound bizarre to say that some people decide not to work because prices are going up; but if you are making less after inflation than you had been, the opportunity cost of not working declines. So falling real wages may be discouraging work.

U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell speaks at a news conference in Washington, DC, on May 4, 2022. (JIM WATSON/Getty Images)

The fall in participation also poses a problem for Fed Chair Jerome Powell. In his press conference this week, Powell argued that he expected that more workers would be returning to the workforce, which would help cool the inflationary pressures of rising wages. The April figures indicate that there’s a risk that falling real wages could push more works out of the labor market. The April decline was driven by a 204,000 drop in Gen X workers between 45 and 54 years old and an even bigger decline in the number older Gen Z workers, with a 198,000 drop in workers aged 20 to 24 years old. Thank goodness the Millennials are such hard workers (or were so scarred by the 2008 financial crisis and low employment years of the Obama administration that they’ll hang on to whatever job they’ve got.)

There were mixed signals on the wage front. Average hourly earnings increased 0.3 percent compared with March, or 5.5 percent compared with a year earlier. The monthly figure indicates a deceleration compared with February to March, which was revised up from 0.4 percent to 0.5 percent. But at three-tenths, earnings would be rising by less than the expected 0.4 percent rise in the core Consumer Price Index (CPI) for April, so real wages might be declining.

The big numbers for next week will be the CPI and the Producer Price index (PPI). Both are expected to cool from the torrid rates seen in March but not by much. CPI is expected to come in at 8.1 percent, which would be a jaw-dropping figure if we hadn’t been a half of a percentage point higher a month ago. Even if CPI comes in cooler than expected, it is sure to be too hot for comfort.

BIDENOMICS: The Real Economy

Evictions are Coming as Small Businesses Miss Rent Payments

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37QiUUgJMh0


DELAWARE BANS JOE BIDEN! THREATENS PRISON OR DEPORTATION!!!

 https://mexicanoccupation.blogspot.com/2022/05/x.html

Poll: Joe Biden’s Approval Rating in Delaware Underwater by 3 Points

Only One U.S. City Affordable for Middle Class First-Time Home Buyers: Pittsburgh, PA  

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania - city in the United States. Shadyside district residential neighborhood.
Getty Images/tupungato
4:08

First-time homebuyers who earn middle-class paychecks have been pushed out of cities across the United States, says a report from the Urban Reform Institute and the Frontier Centre for Public Policy. The only exception is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the report said.

The San Francisco Chronicle detailed how unaffordable cities in California are and included additional details about the study, which looked at housing around the world:

The finding that the East Coast city now stands alone in the “affordable” category in the 2022 Demographia International Housing Affordability report was “surprising,” according to Wendell Cox, a senior fellow at the Urban Reform Institute in Houston and the Frontier Centre for Public Policy in Canada, which jointly issued the report 

“Housing affordability in virtually all markets has worsened in the last couple of years as a result of the pandemic related ‘demand shock,’” Cox said. “This huge increase in demand relative to supply has occurred as households have sought larger houses and yards.

The report, based on data from the third quarter of 2021, used the price-to-income ratio, or median house price divided by the gross median household income, to rate middle-income housing affordability. The lower the ratio, referred to as the “median multiple,” the more affordable a market is.

Affordable housing is especially important because of the surge in remote work, but according to the National Association of Home Builders almost 70 percent of households in the U.S. can’t afford the median-priced house.

Pittsburgh also comes in as the single most affordable city in the world compared to city markets in Australia, Canada, China, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

The median home price on Redfin in Pittsburgh is $231,700.

U.S. major housing markets ranked by affordability

Rankings are based on the “median multiple” or price-to-income ratio.

 

RankMarketMedian multiple
1Pittsburgh, PA2.7
2Oklahoma City, OK3.3
2Rochester, NY3.3
4St. Louis, MO-IL3.6
5Cleveland, OH3.7
6Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN3.8
7Buffalo, NY3.9
8Kansas City, MO-KS4.0
8Louisville, KY-IN4.0
8Tulsa, OK4.0
11Detroit, MI4.1
11Hartford, CT4.1
13Grand Rapids, MI4.2
13Virginia Beach-Norfolk, VA-NC4.2
15Columbus, OH4.3
15Indianapolis. IN4.3
15Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI4.3
18Baltimore, MD4.4
18Philadelphia, PA-NJ-DE-MD4.4
20Atlanta, GA4.5

Source: Frontier Centre for Public Policy, Urban Reform Institute

Last year three other cities were rated affordable along with Pittsburgh — Rochester and Buffalo, New York, and St. Louis, Missouri.

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15 Signs That Most Americans Are Flat Broke And Totally Unprepared For The Coming Economic Crisis


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ry0ktQWH-OQ



When the coming economic recession strikes in America, more than half of all people in the nation are going to be financially wiped out almost immediately. Today, more than 60% of all U.S. workers are living paycheck to paycheck, and most Americans have more credit card debt than emergency savings. In other words, when the looming collapse occurs, we will see millions of people panicking all around this country. One of the primary principles financial experts teach people is that in order to achieve financial security you need to have a cushion to fall back on. You can never tell for sure when unexpected expenses, such as major car repairs or healthcare bills, will come along. So during a major economic collapse, if you do not have any savings, you will probably find yourself in a lot of trouble. We all know that there are millions of families barely scraping by month to month, so we can understand why so many people haven't been able to save sufficient money for an emergency. But if you are in a position to build up an emergency fund, you should do so while you still can. Our economic and financial systems are facing multiple threats, and the time to get ready for the next great economic crisis is rapidly running out, but the vast majority of us are not prepared at all. Maybe some people have just gotten completely numb. Maybe some people are still thinking that that this bubble economy can last forever. Maybe some people can actually see that challenges are coming, but aren’t in a position to do something about it. Maybe some people just don’t know where to start and how to get prepared. Well, if you’re new to this, we have several other videos in this channel that can help you. The most important thing right now is to stay alert and come up with an emergency plan so can keep you and your family safe when chaos takes over this country. We have to remember that are on our own, and our leaders have no actual intention of rescuing us from the economic catastrophe they created. So we must start acting now because global events are accelarating at an aboslutely shocking pace. For that reason, today, we compiled stats that expose America's lack of preparedness. Here are 15 Signs That Most Americans Are Flat Broke And Totally Unprepared For The Coming Economic Crisis. For more info, find us on: https://www.epiceconomist.com/ And visit: http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/




US corporate profits, CEO pay surged in 2021 while inflation slashed real wages

The corporate assault on US workers’ living standards during the pandemic intensified in 2021. While inflation slashed living standards for most of the population, corporate profits surged to their highest levels in decades, rising 25 percent year over year to $2.81 trillion. The rise is even greater—37 percent—when taxes are factored in. This is the highest figure since records began in 1948.

Worker in an Amazon fulfilment centre (AP Photo/David McNew)

At the same time, according to a report by Compensation Advisory Partners, US CEO pay increased in 2021 by an average of 19 percent at the 50 companies surveyed, a record amount. Leading the field was Discovery CEO David Zaslav, who took in a staggering $246.6 million. Amazon CEO Andy Jassy received a pay package valued at $212.7 million, mostly from stock options.

Others cashing in included:

  • Apple CEO Tim Cook, who took in $99 million last year
  • Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger, who received $178.6 million
  • Chad Richison, CEO of Paycom Software, who was paid $211,131,206
  • Lawrence Culp Jr., CEO of General Electric, who pocketed $73,192,032
  • Mike Sievert, T-Mobile CEO, who received $54,914,015
  • Leonard Schleifer, CEO of Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, who took in $135,350,121.

Surging profits on Wall Street boosted the average employee bonus in the New York securities industry to a record $257,500 last year, according to state officials.

The statistics on corporate profits and executive pay expose the blatant profiteering by large corporations during the pandemic. Companies have been able to raise prices far beyond increases in production costs, vastly inflating profit margins.

According to a report by a watchdog group, the top 25 global oil companies reaped $237 billion in profits in 2021. Last year, oil giant ExxonMobil posted its largest profit in seven years, $23 billion, as increased oil prices added $100 billion to its sales revenues. Saudi Aramco, a major oil and gas company owned and managed by the Saudi royal family, reported $110 billion in profits last year, a 124 percent increase from 2020.

Logistics giant Amazon reported $33.4 billion in after-tax profits in 2021, up from $21.3 in 2020.

Despite COVID and chip shortages, US auto companies enjoyed a profit surge. Ford recorded $17.9 billion in after-tax profits, following a loss in 2020. GM reported $14.3 billion in 2021 earnings.The official inflation rate was 6.7 percent last year. Inflation has accelerated in 2022, with prices rising 7.9 percent year over year in February 2022, eclipsing year-over-year wage gains of 5.1 in February and 5.6 percent percent in March.

According to Bloomberg Economics, the average American household will spend $5,200 more this year to buy the same goods and services it purchased last year. With prices on basic commodities set to rise even higher due to the war in Ukraine and US and NATO sanctions on Russia, a further assault on living standards is being prepared.

Even though real wages are declining in many sectors, Wall Street is expressing concern over the tight labor market, which has allowed workers to press for higher wages. The US jobs report for March, released Friday by the Labor Department, reported the addition of 431,000 jobs, the 11th straight month of job gains surpassing 400,000. The official unemployment rate fell to 3.6 percent in March, close to the 3.5 percent pre-pandemic rate, which was a 50-year record low.

In fact, the figure for new jobs was lower than predicted by economists, and far below the average of 600,000 over the past six months. More threatening to the ruling class are near-record highs of unfilled jobs and voluntary quits.

In remarks Friday morning after the release of the jobs report, President Biden hailed the increase in hiring, citing “Record job creation. Record unemployment declines. Record wage gains.” However, the reality is quite different for workers, whose paltry wage gains are being eaten up by rising prices for gasoline, electricity, food and other necessities.

The most significant job gains have been for workers in the retail sector and leisure and hospitality, such as hotels and restaurants. These sectors have historically paid poverty-level wages.

The resistance of workers to laboring for near-starvation wages in the midst of a deadly pandemic, and ongoing supply chain bottlenecks due to shortages of workers in key sectors such as trucking, potentially put workers in a strong position to fight for significant improvements in living standards.

In 2021, strikes took place in a number of key industries as workers sought to fight back against rising prices and the impact of decades of wage stagnation. These struggles for the most part took the form of rebellions against the trade union bureaucracies, which for decades have worked to impose brutal cuts in wages and the destruction of working conditions, in line with their transformation into corporatist appendages of the corporations and the capitalist state.

In a number of contract struggles last year, unions settled for pay raises well below the rate of inflation, including Volvo (average 2 percent annually over 6 years), Nabisco (2-2.5 percent annual raises), Kellogg’s (one-time 3 percent for “legacy” workers), and Dana Corporation (as low as 1 percent annually for top pay scales).

In each of these cases, the unions sabotaged the struggles of workers, keeping the strikes isolated and shutting them down at the point where they threatened to seriously impact corporate profits and inspire solidarity action by other workers both in the US and internationally. Workers were forced to vote without having time to adequately review the terms of the contract and were often denied the right to see the full contract language.

At Volvo and other workplaces, unions called strikes only after workers had voted multiple times by massive margins against sellout agreements brought back by union officials.

In one of the latest acts of treachery, the Steelworkers union blocked strike action by 30,000 US oil workers and rammed through a sellout deal with wage increases far below the rate of inflation, even as the oil giants continued to gouge the public with spiraling gas prices.

In recognition of the vital services of the unions in suppressing workers’ wage demands and squashing strikes, the Biden administration has made a central focus of its anti-working class policy the promotion of the trade unions, appointing a “Task Force on Worker Organizing and Empowerment,” including national security cabinet officials. In a report issued in February, the task force made a series of recommendations to encourage unionization by government contractors, with the aim of “promoting stability” and “minimizing disruption”—that is, preventing strikes.

Fearing that low levels of unemployment will encourage workers to battle back against raging inflation by demanding significant wage increases, US financial authorities are taking measures to slow down the economy by increasing interest rates. Remarking on the fact that there are 1.8 job openings for every unemployed worker, US Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said, “By many measures, the labor market is extremely tight, significantly tighter than the very strong job market just before the pandemic,” adding that it was tight to “an unhealthy level.”

After raising rates by 0.25 percent in March, the Federal Reserve is indicating support for a more substantial 0.5 percent rise in May. The central bank has already said it plans at least six more rate increases in 2022, the first increases in three years.

The last round of rate increases set off a precipitous fall in the stock market, inducing the Federal Reserve to rescind its rate hikes. Since then, the markets have become even more inflated as the US Treasury pumped trillions of dollars into Wall Street. The turn toward deflationary policies threatens to upset this financial house of cards in dramatic fashion.

Growing sections of workers are defying the pro-corporate unions, including oil refinery workers in Richmond, California, who have voted down two sellout contracts pushed by the United Steelworkers’ union and gone on strike to secure a substantial wage increase and an end to brutal overtime and unsafe working conditions. They are joined by 5,000 teachers on strike in Sacramento, California and tens of thousands of other workers with looming contract expirations. This is part of a growing movement of workers internationally fueled by inflation, inequality and the growing threat of world war.

Reports of the unrestrained profiteering by the financial elite will only further fuel workers’ anger over declining living standards and the criminal mismanagement by all sections of the political establishment of the pandemic. The impending war danger and the demands that workers finance another huge military buildup at the expense of wages and social services will heighten class tensions.

This social anger must be consciously directed against the capitalist system, its political parties, the Democrats and Republicans, as well as the pro-capitalist trade unions. The way forward requires the building of new, genuinely democratic organizations of struggle—rank-and-file committees in every factory, school and workplace—and a political movement of the working class, international in scope, to end the subordination of the productive forces to the profit drive of big business. The working class must assume direction of economic and social life based on a new, higher principle—production for human need, not profit—that is, socialism.